
Blood pressure readings determine the force your blood has on the vessel walls caused during the process of your heart beating. Hypotension is another word for low blood pressure. In a person with low blood pressure, this measurement is less than normal, meaning the blood has too little force on the vessel walls, and can cause vital organs, such as the brain and heart, to have too little blood flow. Patients with low blood pressure complain of feeling faint, woozy, dizzy, or lightheaded.
There are several causes of low blood pressure. Some drugs cause low blood pressure. For example, patients taking blood pressure medication for high blood pressure (hypertension) may experience low blood pressure. Other blood pressure medications work by increasing the width of blood vessels, thus lowering blood pressure. However, causing hypotension because of high blood pressure medication is a rare occurrence with the newest drugs for hypertension. Some blood pressure medications are diuretics and work by eliminating fluid from the body, thus decreasing the volume of blood present in the body. Other drugs commonly associated with this condition are anti-anxiety drugs, anti-depressants, diuretics, and alcohol.
Patients experiencing dehydration may experience low blood pressure. Some people may experience low blood pressure when abruptly standing up after sitting or resting. This is known as orthostatic hypotension, which occurs because too much blood collects or pools in the veins of the lower body too quickly for the blood vessels to adapt to the change. This happens simply because of gravity. Another example of hypotension occurs after eating a heavy meal. Both causes of hypotension are more common among the elderly because of normal changes that occur in aging.
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